GC-MS联用法分析不同产地白芍和赤芍挥发油成分

目的: 研究不同产地白芍和赤芍中的挥发油成分,并比较白芍和赤芍以及不同产地的同种药材间挥发油成分差异。方法: 采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取白芍和赤芍的挥发油成分,并通过气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)对其分析鉴定和比较。色谱条件:采用Rtx-5ms石英毛细管色谱柱(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm),进样口温度250 ℃,接口温度260 ℃,程序升温(初始温度60 ℃保持3 min,以4 ℃·min^-1升温至200 ℃,以10 ℃·min^-1升温至280 ℃,持续10 min),载气为高纯氦气(纯度> 99.99%),载气控制方式为恒线速度(36.5 cm·s^-1),分流(5: 1)方式进样,进样量1 μL;质谱条件:电子轰击(EI)离子源,电离电压70 eV,离子源温度200 ℃,加速电压4 kV,扫描范围50~450 amu。结果: 白芍挥发油共鉴定出55种成分,赤芍挥发油共鉴定出68种成分,通过面积归一化法对全部成分进行了含量分析。其中,白芍挥发油主要成分为棕榈酸、亚油酸和桃金娘醛等,棕榈酸含量最高,为54.48%;而赤芍挥发油主要成分为丹皮酚、棕榈酸、亚油酸和水杨醛等,丹皮酚含量最高,为39.43%。白芍和赤芍挥发油成分有明显差别,而不同产地的同种药材之间主要成分的含量差别也较大。结论: 本研究将用于白芍和赤芍挥发油成分的定性与定量分析,同时也为探讨来源不同的白芍和赤芍挥发油成分与药理活性可能存在的相互关系提供了科学依据。

Objective: To investigate the components from the volatile oils of Radix Paeoniae Alba and Radix Paeoniae Rubra,and compare the differences in components of these volatiles. Methods: The volatile oil was extracted via the steam distillation method and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)technology.Chromatographic conditions were as follows.The chromatographic column Rtx-5ms(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm)was adopted,the inlet temperature was 250 ℃,and the interface temperature was 260 ℃,followed by temperature programming(60 ℃ for 0-3 min,heated to 200 ℃ at a speed of 4 ℃·min^-1,then heated to 280 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃·min^-1 kept for 10 min.The carrier gas was N₂(99.99%),with the constant linear velocity of 36.5 cm·s^-1 for carrier gas control.The split ratio was 5: 1,the sample volume 1 μL.The mass spectrometric conditions were as follows.The ion source EI was adopted with the ionization voltage of 70 eV,the ion source temperature of 200 ℃ and the acceleration voltage of 4 kV,the scan range of 50-450 amu. Results: There were fifty-five components identified in Radix Paeoniae Alba and sixty-eight in Radix Paeoniae Rubra.The normalization method of peak area was used for content analysis of all the components.Palmitic acid,linoleic acid,and myrtanal were main components in Radix Paeoniae Alba,and palmitic acid was the most abundant with a content of 54.48%.Paeonol,palmitic acid,linoleic acid,and salicylaldehyde were main components in Radix Paeoniae Rubra volatile oil,and paeonol was the most abundant with a content of 39.43%.Thus,there were some significant differences in the volatile components between Radix Paeoniae Alba and Radix Paeoniae Rubra,and moreover,for the same herb from various resources,the major volatile components mentioned above also showed an apparent difference. Conclusion: This study will be useful for analysis of the volatile components in Radix Paeoniae Alba and Radix Paeoniae Rubra.The data could provide scientific evidence for the possible relationship between volatile oil components and pharmacological effects of Radix Paeoniae Alba and Radix Paeoniae Rubra from different resources.