蜂胶与杨树胶HPLC指纹图谱的建立及应用

目的：采用HPLC建立区分蜂胶与杨树胶的指纹图谱，为蜂胶真伪鉴别和质量控制提供依据。方法：样品经提取后，以甲醇-0.4%磷酸（60：40）为流动相，采用Venusil MP C₁₈柱（250 mm×4.6 mm，5 μm）分离，检测波长360 nm，流速1.0 mL·min^-1，柱温35 ℃。结果：选取有代表性的蜂胶和杨树胶样品各10批，建立蜂胶和杨树胶的对照指纹图谱模版。以对照模板为参照，通过《中药指纹图谱相似度计算软件》计算，对蜂胶、杨树胶、蜂胶中掺杨树胶、蜂胶中掺外源性黄酮类化合物、既非蜂胶又非杨树胶等样品的相似度范围进行了限定。并利用建立的方法，对市场上流通的12批次不同厂家的蜂胶产品进行了评价。结论：该方法重复性好，准确度高，可用于蜂胶的真伪鉴别。

Objective: To establish a fingerprint method to distinguish propolis and poplar tree gum by HPLC,and apply the method to control the quality of propolis. Methods: HPLC was used to establish the fingerprints of propolis and poplar tree gum.The separation was performed on a Venusil MP C₁₈ column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)with the mobile phase consisting of methanol and 0.4%H₃PO₄ flowing at 1.0 mL·min^-1.The detection was carried out on a UV detector at 360 nm and the column temperature was 35 ℃. Results: By comparing the HPLC chromatograms of 10 batches of propolis and 10 batches of poplar tree gum,the reference fingerprints were established.The similarity ranges of propolis,poplar tree gum,propolis with different proportion of poplar tree gum,propolis with different proportion of exogenous flavones were determined,and neither propolis nor poplar tree gum were provided by the software of the similarity evaluation system for chromatographic fingerprint.The method was successfully applied to evaluate 12 batches of propolis products on the market from different factories. Conclusion: The method is proved to be repeatable,accurate and can be applied to distinguish propolis and poplar tree gum.

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