钟乳石炮制前后FT-IR指纹图谱分析

目的：为了能直观而准确地鉴别，控制生、煅钟乳石的质量，从而为钟乳石的质量标准研究奠定基础。方法：通过对10批主产地的钟乳石生品和炮制品与同种化学试剂碳酸钙和氧化钙、其他含钙矿物药生品和炮制品之间进行FT-IR光谱比较分析，找出它们的“指纹”特征。结果：所收集的10批主产地的钟乳石生品、炮制品的FT-IR光谱相似度均达到95%以上，表明各产地钟乳石组成结构相近，其最佳炮制工艺条件稳定可控。同时，钟乳石生品、炮制品与其他含钙矿物药紫石英和玄精石的生品、炮制品之间的相似度不高，说明红外光谱分析具有一定的指纹性特征，可以很好地将它们区分。钟乳石生品与化学试剂碳酸钙（CaCO₃）之间有较高相似度，这是因为钟乳石的主要化学成分为CaCO₃；而钟乳石炮制品与化学试剂氧化钙（CaO）之间相似度不高，说明在其明煅过程中，只有部分CaCO₃分解成CaO。结论：10批钟乳石生品、炮制品的FT-IR光谱共有峰明显，可用于生、煅钟乳石质量标准的制定，对钟乳石进行质量控制。

Objective: To identify and control the quality of raw and calcined Stalactitum visually and accurately,and to lay a foundation for further study of quality standard of Stalactitum. Methods: The characteristic fingerprint of ten batches of Stalactitum and its homologous chemical reagents CaCO₃ and CaO,other mineral traditional Chinese medicines containing calcium were studied by comparative study of their FT-IR spectra between their raw and processed materials. Results: The similarities of FT-IR fingerprint of ten batches of raw and processed Stalactitum from main producing areas were all more than 95%,indicating that the structures of Stalactitum from different areas were similar to one another,whose optimal processing procedure was stable and controllable. Meanwhile,the similarity of FT-IR fingerprint was low between Stalactitum and other mineral traditional Chinese medicines containing calcium such as Fluoritum and Selenitum,indicating that the analysis of IR spectra had certain characteristics,which could distinguish them effectively. The similarity was high between raw Stalactitum and chemical reagent CaCO₃,and was low between processed Stalactitum and chemical reagent CaO.The reason was that the main compound of Stalactitum was CaCO₃,and during processing,CaCO₃ was turned into CaO partly. Conclusion: The common peaks in FT-IR spectra of ten batches of raw and processed Stalactitum are obvious,and this method can be used in formulating the quality standard of raw and processed Stalactitum, and for controlling the quality of Stalactitum.

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