不同方法分析新疆藁本地下部分中的挥发性成分

目的: 优化顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)技术提取新疆藁本地下部分挥发油的条件;分析比较采用HS-SPME技术和共水蒸馏法提取的新疆藁本地下部分挥发油成分的异同。 方法: 对萃取头、萃取温度、平衡时间、萃取时间、样品量等进行了同条件筛选;用HS-SPME技术和共水蒸馏法从新疆藁本中提取挥发性成分,用归一化法测定其百分含量,用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)鉴定其化学组成。 结果: 0.08 g样品90 ℃温度下预热30 min后,以100 μm PDMS涂层顶空萃取10 min,于250 ℃脱附5 min为固相微萃取技术提取新疆藁本挥发性成分最适条件;HS-SPME技术鉴定出22个成分,主要为肉豆蔻醚(75.88%)、乙酸松油酯(9.4%)、香松烯(2.99%)、榄香素(2.76%)、石竹烯(1.29%)等;共水蒸馏法初步鉴定出13个成分,主要为肉豆蔻醚(87.3%)、乙酸松油酯(3.29%)、α-水芹烯(2.56%)、6-丁基-1,4-环庚二烯(2.81%)、3-蒈烯(1.15%)。 结论: 2种方法提取挥发油的成分差异显著,HS-SPME技术提取挥发油能更全面快速地体现新疆藁本地下部分挥发油的化学成分。

Objective: To improve the HS-SPME condition of volatile oil extraction from the root of Conioselinum vaginatium(Spreng.), analyze and compare the similarities and differences of HS-SPME and distillation extraction method in volatile oil extraction from the root of Conioselinum vaginatium (Spreng.). Method: SPME fiber,extraction temperature,equilibrium time,extraction time,and sample volume were screened under same condition;HS-SPME and distillation extraction method were used to extract volatile composition from the root of Conioselinum vaginatium(Spreng.); normalization method was performed to measure the percentage of content; GC-MS was used to elucidate the chemical composition. Result: Optimal condition for volatile oil extraction was established. 0.08 g sample was preheat under 90 ℃ for 30 min,then headspace extraction was performed with a 100-μm PDMS fiber for 10 min,and finally desorbed 5 min under 250 ℃, 22 kinds of composition had been identified,including aremyristicin(75.88%),terpinyl acetate(9.4%)and so on, Conclusion: The difference of the volatile oil extracted by two methods is obvious,and HS-SPME method can reflect the composition of volatile oil more comprehensively and faster.