超临界CO₂萃取与水蒸气蒸馏法提取太子参挥发油化学成分气质联用研究

目的: 分析比较采用超临界CO₂流体萃取法与水蒸气蒸馏法提取的太子参提取物中挥发性化学成分的异同。 方法: 使用水蒸馏提取法和超临界CO₂萃取技术从太子参中提取挥发性成分,用归一化法测定其百分含量。用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)计算机联用技术分离鉴定其中的化学组成。 结果: 太子参超临界CO₂流体萃取物中初步鉴定了33种成分,主要成分为:亚油酸乙酯(28.70%)、n-十六酸(23.12%)、3-糠醇(5.51%)等;水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油初步鉴定了17种成分,主要成分为2-丙基呋喃(22.45%)、3-糠醇(19.78%)、3-乙基-3-甲基戊烷(19.47%)。 结论: 2种方法提取的挥发油化学成分差异较大,超临界CO₂流体萃取法提取的挥发油能更真实、全面地反映太子参药材中的化学成分。

Objective: To compare the chemical constituents of the essential oil from Radix Psendostellariae by supercritical fluid extraction(SFE) and steam distillation(SD) by using the GC-MS analysis. Methods: The essential oils were extracted from Radix Psendostellariae by supercritical fluid extraction and steam distillation. The amounts of the components from the essential oil were determined by normalization method.The components were separated and identified by GC-MS. Chromatographic conditions were: Capillary column HP-5MS 5% Phenyl Methyl Siloxane Capillary 30.0 m×250 μm×0. 25 μm nominal; Inject or temperature 250 ℃; temperature programming. Results: There were 33 components from Radix Psendostellariae by SFE which separated and identified by GC-MS . The major constituents were linoleic acid ethyl ester(28.70%),n-hexadecanoic acid (23.12%), 3-Furanmethanol(5.51%). There were 17 components from Radix Psendostellariae by SD. The major constituents are furan, 2-propyl-(22.45%),3-furanmethanol(19.78%),ethylmethylpentane (19.47%). Conclusion: The result got by SFE method can reflect the chemical components of the medicinal materials more accurately and more comprehensively.