口服纳米粒递送胰岛素研究进展

药物治疗糖尿病的最新进展当属口服胰岛素，而制备口服胰岛素需要将胰岛素包埋进载体使其避免胃肠降解。可突破肠上皮屏障达到良好降糖效果的口服载体多种多样，其中利用纳米材料制备胰岛素载体（INS-NPs）的研究最热，主要有以下优势：加强药物稳定性，大大提升生物利用率；实现靶向定位释药，降低药物对机体的毒副作用；控制释放药物时量，使药物在体内的作用更加明显等。针对上述优势并结合相关研究结论，本文从生物利用率、降糖时效和控释作用3个方面简述口服纳米粒在糖尿病治疗中的新进展。

The latest advance in drug treatment for diabetes is oral insulin,which is prepared by embedding insulin into the carrier to prevent gastrointestinal degradation. There are a variety of oral carriers that can break through the intestinal epithelial barrier to achieve good hypoglycemic effect. Among them,the research on the preparation of insulin nanocarriers (INS-NPs) is the hottest,mainly due to the following advantages:1. strengthening drug stability and greatly enhancing biology utilization,2. achieving targeted delivery and reducing the toxic side effects of drugs on the body,3. controlled release of drugs to enhance the role of drugs in the body. Aiming at the above advantages and combining relevant research conclusions,this paper briefly introduces the latest research progress of oral nanoparticles in the treatment of diabetes from three aspects:bioavailability,hypoglycemic aging and controlled release.

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