[1] MILLS AL,ALEXANDER M.N-nitrosamine formation by cultures of several microorganisms[J].Appl Environ Microbiol,1976,31(6):892
[2] le ROUX J,GALLARD H,CROUE J,et al.NDMA formation by chloramination of ranitidine:kinetics and mechanism[J].Environ Sci Technol,2012,46(20):11095
[3] BUNKAN AJC,HETZLER J,MIKOVINY T,et al.The reactions of N-methylformamide and N,N-dimethylformamide with OH and their photo-oxidation under atmospheric conditions:experimental and theoretical studies[J].Phys Chem Chem Phys,2015,17(10):7046
[4] SENTHONG P,BORIBOON U.Evaluation of occupational exposure to nitrosamine,carbon black and dust in rubber processing industry[J].Int J Occup Environ Med,2017,8(3):181
[5] ARANTES-RODRIGUES R,PINTO-LEITE R,da COSTA RG,et al.Cytogenetic characterization of an N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine-induced mouse papillary urothelial carcinoma[J].Tumor Biol,2013,34(5):2691
[6] PRABHU B,BALAKRISHNAN D,SUNDARESAN S.Antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory properties of diindolylmethane and lupeol against N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine induced bladder carcinogenesis in experimental rats[J].Human Exp Toxicol,2016,35(6):685
[7] LI W,CHEN N,ZHAO Y,et al.Online coupling of tandem liquid-phase extraction with HPLC-UV for the determination of trace N-nitrosamines in food products[J].Anal Methods,2018,10(15):1733
[8] MIRALLES P,CHISVERT A,SALVADOR A.Determination of N-nitrosamines in cosmetic products by vortex-assisted reversed-phase dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry[J].J Sep Sci,2018,41(15):3143
[9] CHOI K,SABADO M,EL-TOUKHY S,et al.Tobacco product use patterns,and nicotine and tobacco-specific nitrosamine exposure:NHANES 1999-2012[J].Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev,2017,26(10):1525
[10] WEST DM,WU Q,DONOVAN A,et al.N-nitrosamine formation by monochloramine,free chlorine,and peracetic acid disinfection with presence of amine precursors in drinking water system[J].Chemosphere,2016,153:521
[11] ABDULBAKI A,LAUVENWETJE AK,ROTH HJ.Formation of nitrosamine from drugs 3.Quantitative-determination of N-nitrosodimethylamine formed from promethazine and nitrite[J].Arch Pharm,1978,311(9):775
[12] ALSARRAJ S,ROTH HJ.Formation of nitrosamine from drugs 2.Reaction of nitrite with amfepramone[J].Arch Pharm,1978,311(5):441
[13] LAUVENWETJE AK,ABDULBAKI A.Formation of nitrosamine from drugs 5.Catalytic influence of vitamin-B6 on the formation of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) from tetracycline and nitrous-acid[J].Arch Pharm,1979,312(4):361
[14] JONES RN,THORN GD.The ultraviolet absorption spectra of aliphatic nitramines,nitrosamines,and nitrates[J].Can J Res Sect B-Chem Sci,1949,27(11):828
[15] GANKHUYAG N,LEE K,CHO J.The role of nitrosamine (NNK) in breast cancer carcinogenesis[J].J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia,2017,22(3):159
[16] HIRATA N,YAMADA S,SEKINO Y,et al.Tobacco nitrosamine NNK increases ALDH-positive cells via ROS-Wnt signaling pathway in A549 human lung cancer cells[J].J Toxicol Sci,2017,42(2):193
[17] KUME E,MUTOU T,KANSAKU N,et al.Ultrastructural immunohistochemical study of L-type amino acid transporter 1-4F2 heavy chain in tumor microvasculatures of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine(BBN) induced rat bladder carcinoma[J].Microscopy,2017,66(3):198
[18] WEERASOORIYA S,JASTI VP,BOSE A,et al.Roles of translesion synthesis DNA polymerases in the potent mutagenicity of tobacco-specific nitrosamine-derived O-2-alkylthymidines in human cells[J].DNA Repair,2015,35:63
[19] DU H,LENG J,WANG P,et al.Impact of tobacco-specific nitrosamine-derived DNA adducts on the efficiency and fidelity of DNA replication in human cells[J].J Biol Chem,2018,293(28):11100
[20] SHEWEITA SA,EL-BENDERY HA,MOSTAFA MH.Novel study on N-nitrosamines as risk factors of cardiovascular diseases[J].Biomed Res Int,2014:817019.doi:10.1155/2014/817019.Epub 2014 Aug 27
[21] SHEWEITA SA,el BANNA YY,BALBAA M,et al.N-nitrosamines induced infertility and hepatotoxicity in male rabbits[J].Environ Toxicol,2017,32(9):2212
[22] 刘彦.食品中亚硝酸盐的检测[J].食品安全导刊,2017(24):89 LIU Y.Detection of nitrite in food[J].China Food Saf Mag,2017(24):89
[23] BYUN MW,AHN HJ,KIM JH,et al.Determination of volatile N-nitrosamines in irradiated fermented sausage by gas chromatography coupled to a thermal energy analyzer[J].J Chromatogr A,2004,1054(1-2):403
[24] ZHAO M,LI G,KONG W,et al.Convenient and sensitive HPLC Method for determination of nitrosamines in foodstuffs based on pre-column fluorescence labeling[J].Chromatographia,2016,79(7-8):431
[25] LU S,WU D,LI G,et al.Facile and sensitive determination of N-nitrosamines in food samples by high-performance liquid chromatography via combining fluorescent labeling with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction[J].Food Chem,2017,234:408
[26] KUEHNE F,KAPPENSTEIN O,STRASSGUETL S,et al.N-nitrosamines migrating from food contact materials into food simulants:analysis and quantification by means of HPLC-APCI-MS/MS[J].Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess,2018,35(4):792
[27] SEO J,PARK J,LEE J,et al.Determination of seven N-nitrosamines in agricultural food matrices using GC-PCI-MS/MS[J].Food Anal Methods,2016,9(6):1595
[28] ALABA PA,SANI YM,OLUPINLA SF,et al.Toward N-nitrosamines free water:formation,prevention,and removal[J].Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol,2017,47(24):2448
[29] ZHAO Y,BOYD J,HRUDEY SE,et al.Characterization of new nitrosamines in drinking water using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry[J].Environ Sci Technol,2006,40(24):7636
[30] MCDONALD JA,HARDEN NB,NGHIEM LD,et al.Analysis of N-nitrosamines in water by isotope dilution gas chromatography-electron ionisation tandem mass spectrometry[J].Talanta,2012,99:146
[31] CHEN W,LI X,HUANG H,et al.Comparison of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with electron ionization for determination of N-nitrosamines in environmental water[J].Chemosphere,2017,168:1400
[32] FAN C,LIN T.N-nitrosamines in drinking water and beer:detection and risk assessment[J].Chemosphere,2018,200:48
[33] LI Z,QIAN Z,HU S,et al.Molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for determination of N-nitrosodiphenylamine in water samples[J].Chemosphere,2018,212:872
[34] ZHANG X,WANG R,ZHANG L,et al.Simultaneous determination of tobacco minor alkaloids and tobacco-specific nitrosamines in mainstream smoke by dispersive solid-phase extraction coupled with ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem orbitrap mass spectrometry[J].Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom,2018,32(20):1791
[35] CHEN M,WANG L,DONG H,et al.Quantitative method for analysis of tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines in mainstream cigarette smoke by using heart-cutting two-dimensional liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry[J].J Sep Sci,2017,40(9):1920
[36] ZHANG J,BAI R,YI X,et al.Fully automated analysis of four tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines in mainstream cigarette smoke using two-dimensional online solid phase extraction combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J].Talanta,2016,146:216
[37] CASTEGNARO M,PIGNATELLI B,WALKER EA.Analysis of volatile N-nitrosamines in commercial drugs[J].Food Cosmet Toxicol,1981,19(4):489
[38] NORWOOD DL,MULLIS JO,FEINBERG TN,et al.N-nitrosamines as "special case" leachables in a metered dose inhaler drug product[J].PDA JPharm Sci Technol,2009,63(4):307
[39] 国家药典委员会.关于缬沙坦国家标准修订稿的公示(第二次)[EB/OL].[2019-01-20].http://www.chp.org.cn/view/ff80808167f36c8401680c3d64812849?a=bzhxyp Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission.Publication of the valsartan national standard revising (the second time)[EB/OL].[2019-01-20].http://www.chp.org.cn/view/ff80808167f36c8401680c3d64812849?a=bzhxyp
[40] FDA.GC/MS Headspace Method for Detection of NDMA in Valsartan Drug Substance and Drug Products[EB/OL].[2019-01-25].https://www.fda.gov/media/115965/download
[41] FDA.Combine Direct Injection N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and N-Nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) Impurity Assay by GC/MS[EB/OL].[2018-12-12].https://www.fda.gov/media/117807/download.
[42] OMCLS.Determination of NDMA (HS-GC-MS)[EB/OL].[2018-09-21].https://www.edqm.eu/sites/default/files/omcl-ndma-method-palg-ie-september2018.pdf
[43] OMCLS.Determination of NDMA in Valsartan Active Substances and Finished Products by HPLC/UV[EB/OL].[2018-09-21].https://www.edqm.eu/sites/default/files/omcl-method-determination-ndma-valsartan-ansm-september2018.pdf
[44] OMCLS.Test Method for the Determination of NDMA by LC/MS/MS in Valsartan Finished Products[EB/OL].[2018-09-21]. https://www.edqm.eu/sites/default/files/omcl-method-determination-ndma-valsartan-cvua-september2018.pdf
