自然风干处理前后活血丹挥发油化学组分GC-MS分析

目的：研究活血丹风干前后挥发油的化学成分，比较两者之间的异同。方法：采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取自然风干处理前后活血丹的挥发油，计算挥发油含油率并进行比较。利用GC-MS分析其化学组分，峰面积归一法比较各组分间的相对含量。色谱条件：采用毛细管柱（30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm），柱温为程序升温（起始柱温60℃，保持2 min，以10℃·min^-1升温速率升至230℃，保持1 min），载气为高纯氦气，柱流速为1.0 mL·min^-1，进样量1.0 μL，挥发油用乙醚稀释100倍，不分流；质谱条件：EI离子源，电子能量70eV，扫描范围33~350 amu，四极杆温度和离子源温度分别为150℃和230℃。结果：自然风干前后活血丹挥发油平均含量分别为0.15%和0.01%；分别检出32个和27个色谱峰，鉴定了其中的23个和18个化合物，各占挥发油总量的91.8%和90.2%。主要成分包括柠檬烯、薄荷酮、胡薄荷酮、γ-榄香烯、石竹烯等。结论：经自然风干处理后，活血丹的含油率下降，自然风干处理前后的活血丹挥发油化学成分基本一致，但各主要成分含量存在明显差异。

Objective: To investigate the chemical components of essential oil from Glechoma longituba(Nakai) Kupr. before and after air drying, and to compare their differences.Methods: The essential oil was extracted via the steam distillation method and the yields were compared. The components were identified by GC-MS and determined via area normalization method. The chromatographic conditions were as follows:Capillary column (30 m×0. 25 mm×0. 25 μm)was used combining temperature programming(the initial temperature was 60℃, kept for 2 min, then rose to 230℃ at a speed of 10℃·min^-1, and maintained for 1 min). The carrier gas was He with the flow of 1. 0 mL·min^-1. The essential oil was diluted with ethyl ether by 100 times. Splitless injection was used and the injection volume was 1 μL. The mass spectrometric conditions were as follows:The ionization voltage of the EI source was 70 eV, and the scan range was 33-350 amu. Temperature of quadrupole and ion source was 150℃ and 230℃,respectively.Results: The contents of essential oil from G. longituba before and after air drying were 0. 15% and 0. 01%, respectively. 32 and 27 chromatographic peaks were detected in the essential oil from G. longituba before and after air drying, respectively. Among them, 23 and 18 compounds were identified, which accounted for 91. 8% and 90. 2% of the total essential oil, respectively. The main components detected in the essential oil were limonene (24. 43%, 31. 01%), menthone(15. 93%, 17. 15%), pulegone(12. 81%, 9. 92%),γ-elemene(11. 27, 6. 50%)and caryophyllene(6. 20%, 4. 49%).Conclusion: After air drying, there was a significant reduction of the essential oil in G. longituba. The components of essential oil from G. longituba before and after air drying were basically the same, but their amounts varied.