不同加工方式的鹿茸无机元素含量的比较

目的：比较不同加工方式及不同部位的梅花鹿鹿茸无机元素的含量差异，为鹿茸的加工及利用提供理论依据。方法：对样品进行微波消解的前处理，利用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪、原子吸收光谱仪、原子荧光分光光度计、紫外-可见分光光度计对不同加工方式的鹿茸蜡片、粉片、纱片部位的K、Ca、Na、Mg、P、Cu、Zn、Mn、Fe、Ni、Co、Cr、Pb、Cd、As、Hg共16个元素进行检测。结果：排血茸蜡片、粉片、纱片部位无机元素的总量分别为59.81、268.40、333.76 g·kg^-1，粉片、纱片部位分别是蜡片部位的4.49倍和5.58倍；带血茸蜡片、粉片、纱片部位无机元素的总量分别为56.45、239.58、323.10 g·kg^-1，粉片、纱片部位分别是蜡片部位的4.24倍和5.72倍。煮炸茸蜡片、粉片、纱片部位无机元素的总量分别为78.74、278.92、348.37 g·kg^-1，粉片、纱片部位分别是蜡片部位的3.54倍和4.42倍；冻干茸蜡片、粉片、纱片部位无机元素的含量分别为70.39、232.78、313.11 g·kg^-1，粉片、纱片部位分别是蜡片部位的3.31倍和4.45倍。结论：元素Ca、P、Mg、Fe、Ni、Co的含量呈现蜡片、粉片、纱片依次增加的趋势，元素K、Na、As及重金属元素Cu、Zn、Mn、Cr、Pb、Cd、Hg则较多地分布在蜡片部位。同种加工方式的鹿茸无机元素的含量呈现蜡片、粉片、纱片依次升高的趋势，且粉片、纱片部位明显高于蜡片部位。

Objective:To compare the contents of inorganic elements in antlers from different parts and with different processing methods in order to provide a theoretical basis for the processing and utilization of antlers.Methods:Wax slices,power slices and bee slices of antlers with different processing methods were pretreated by microwave digestion.Then the contents of 16 elements including K,Ca,Na,Mg,P,Cu,Zn,Mn,Fe,Ni,Co,Cr,Pb,Cd,As and Hg were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS),atomic absorption spectrometry(AAS),atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS) and UV-VIS spectrometry.Results:The contents of inorganic elements in wax slices,powder slices,bee slices of antlers without blood were 59.81 g·kg^-1,268.40 g·kg^-1 and 333.76 g·kg^-1,respectively.And the contents in powder slices and in bee slices were 4.49 times and 5.58 times of those in wax slices.The contents of inorganic elements in wax slices,powder slices and bee slices of antlers with blood were 56.45 g·kg^-1,239.58 g·kg^-1 and 323.10 g·kg^-1,respectively.And the contents in powder slices and bee slices were 4.24 times and 5.72 times of those in wax slices.The contents of inorganic elements in wax slices,powder slices and bee slices of antlers with boiling processing were 78.74 g·kg^-1,278.92 g·kg^-1 and 348.37 g·kg^-1,respectively.And the contents in powder slices and bee slices were 3.54 times and 4.42 times of those in wax slices.The inorganic elements content in wax slices,powder slices and bee slices of antlers with freeze-drying processing were 70.39 g·kg^-1,232.78 g·kg^-1 and 313.11 g·kg^-1,respectively.And the contents in powder slices and bee slices were 3.31 times and 4.45 times of those in wax slices.Conclusion:The contents of Ca,Mg,P,Fe,Ni and Co showed a successive increase in wax slices,powder slices and bee slices.The contents of K,Na,As and heavy metals including Cu,Zn,Mn,Cr,Pb,Cd and Hg were mainly distributed in wax slices.The contents of inorganic elements in different parts of antlers with same processing methods showed a successive increase in wax slices,powder slices and bee slices.And the contents in the powder slices and bee slices were significantly higher than those in wax slices.