目的：比较不同种类及产地虫草多糖的单糖组成与比例。方法：采用纤维素薄层板，以乙酸乙酯-吡啶-醋酸-水（7.0：3.0：0.2：1.4）为展开剂分离多糖水解后的单糖组分，苯胺-邻苯二甲酸显色后采用薄层扫描仪于410 nm波长下扫描定量。结果：6个单糖（半乳糖、葡萄糖、甘露糖、木糖、核糖和鼠李糖）线性关系良好（r>0.995 7），检测限、定量限分别为0.02~0.10 μg和0.08~0.40 μg，方法具有良好的精密度、重复性和稳定性，RSD分别为3.1%~8.4%、2.3%~6.3%和0.66%~2.4%；平均回收率在94.0%和103.8%之间。不同种类虫草多糖均主要由半乳糖、葡萄糖和甘露糖组成，其中多数天然虫草及人工培养蛹虫草子实体样品中葡萄糖含量相对较高，葡萄糖与半乳糖含量的平均比值分别为5.2：1和1.9：1，葡萄糖与甘露糖含量的平均比值分别为16.9：1和5.9：1；不同人工发酵虫草菌粉样品中葡萄糖与半乳糖含量的平均比值为0.96：1，葡萄糖与甘露糖含量的平均比值为2.0：1；而古尼虫草、凉山虫草、亚香棒虫草、细虫草及蝉花样品中葡萄糖平均含量较低，葡萄糖与半乳糖含量的平均比值为0.31：1，葡萄糖与甘露糖含量的平均比值为0.81：1。结论：不同种类虫草多糖其单糖比例存在一定差异，此特征有利于对不同种类虫草质量的控制。
Objective:To compare the composition and ratio of monosaccharides in polysaccharides of Cordyceps spp.from different origins or habitats.Methods:The hydrolysates of polysaccharides were separated on a cellulose plate.The plate was developed with ethyl acetate-pyridine-acetic acid-water (7.0:3.0:0.2:1.4),and colorized with aniline-O-phthalic acid reagent.The quantification of monosaccharides was performed by using thin layer chromatography densitometry method at 410 nm.Results:Six monosaccharides (galactose,glucose,mannose,xylose,ribose and rhamnose) had good linearity (r>0.995 7) in given ranges.The LOD and LOQ were in the range of 0.02-0.10 μg and 0.08-0.40 μg,respectively.Their RSDs for precision,repeatability and stability were 3.1%-8.4%,2.3%-6.3% and 0.66%-2.4%,respectively.The average recoveries were between 94.0% and 103.8%.The investigated Cordyceps spp.samples showed that galactose,glucose and mannose were main compositional monosaccharides.Higher contents of glucose were found in most of natural Cordyceps sinensis and cultured Cordyceps militaris fruiting-body samples,the average contents ratio of glucose to galactose were 5.2:1 and 1.9:1,and the glucose to mannose were 16.9:1 and 5.9:1,respectively.While the average contents ratio of glucose to galactose and glucose to mannose were 0.96:1 and 2.0:1,respectively,in fermented Cordyceps samples.However,the average contents of glucose in C.gunnii,C.liangshanensis,C.hawkesii,C.gracilis and C.cicadae were low,and the average contents ratio of glucose to galactose and glucose to mannose were 0.31:1 and 0.81:1,respectively.Conclusion:The compositional monosaccharides contents in polysaccharides from Cordyceps spp.were found to be different,which should be helpful to the quality control of Cordyceps spp.
