3种利尿中药化学成分的体内外分析方法研究进展

猪苓、茯苓皮和泽泻是常用利尿中药.本文通过检索Web of Science、Pubmed、ScienceDirect、Splinker、Google Scholar、中国知网等数据库,查到猪苓、茯苓皮和泽泻化学成分的体内外含量测定的国内文献14篇和国外文献30篇(1993~2014年),概述了采用HPLC-DAD、HPLC-ELSD、HPLC-QTOF/MS和UPLC-DAD-ESI/MS法测定猪苓主要化学成分麦角甾酮和麦角甾醇,茯苓皮主要化学成分茯苓酸、茯苓素和其他三萜类,泽泻主要化学成分三萜和二萜类化合物,这些方法快速、准确,专属性强,灵敏度高,并可用于建立指纹图谱评价药材质量的优劣.这些方法进一步应用于猪苓、茯苓皮和泽泻化学成分生物体内吸收、组织分布、主要代谢产物鉴定和排泄研究,总结它们在不同给药情况下的主要药动学参数,为中药利尿药的质量控制及其进一步研究及开发利用提供一定参考依据.

Polyporus umbellatus,Poria cocos epidermis and Alisma orientalis are common diuretic traditional Chinese medicines.All the available information on in vitro and in vivo determination of chemical components of diuretics Polyporus umbellatus,Poria cocos epidermis and Alisma orientalis including fourteen Chinese and thirty English literatures from 1993 to 2014 was collected via a library and electronic search(using Web of Science,Pubmed,ScienceDirect,Splinker,Google Scholar,etc.).Based on previous reported literature,this paper reviewed analytical approaches including HPLC-DAD,HPLC-ELSD,HPLC-QTOF/MS and UPLC-DAD-ESI/MS which were applied to determination of the main chemical constituents of Polyporus umbellatus including ergosterol and ergone;Poria cocos epidermis including pachymic acid,poriatin and other triterpenoids as well as Alisma orientalis including diterpene and triterpenes compounds.These methods were fast,sensitive,accurate and specific for determination of above mentioned chemical components and they were used to establish the fingerprints of the three traditional Chinese medicines to evaluate their qualities.These methods were further employed for pharmacokinetics study including absorption,distribution,metabolism and excretion as well as metabolite identification for above mentioned chemical components of Polyporus umbellatus,Poria cocos epidermis and Alisma orientalis and several main pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained,which provided important information for clinical application.This paper can provide a reference for further research and development of these diuretic medicines.