苦参多糖的单糖组成分析及体外抗氧化性研究

目的：分离纯化苦参多糖，并对其进行结构、单糖组成及抗氧化性能分析。 方法：采用水提醇沉法获得苦参多糖，Sevag法脱蛋白、DEAE-52纤维素柱色谱法分离纯化。采用紫外和红外光谱法对苦参多糖进行纯度及结构分析，采用1-苯基-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮柱前衍生HPLC法测定苦参多糖的单糖组成及其含量，并考察了SFP-1的体外抗氧化性。 结果：苦参多糖经DEAE-52纤维素柱色谱分离可获得4个苦参多糖组分SFP-1、SFP-2、SFP-3及SFP-4。SFP-1组分中不含蛋白质及核酸，并具有典型的多糖吸收峰；多糖组分SFP-1主要由甘露糖、鼠李糖、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖，半乳糖、阿拉伯糖组成，其摩尔比为0.34：1.00：0.12：1.19：0.62：0.19。体外抗氧化性研究表明当浓度为0.7 mg·mL^-1时，SFP-1对1，1-二苯基-2-苦基苯肼自由基清除能力达56.40%，金属螯合率达18.31%。 结论：SFP-1组分是由多种单糖组成，并具有较强的抗氧化性能。

Objective: To extract and purify Sophora flavescens polysaccharides(SFP),and investigate the structure,monosaccharide compositions and antioxidant activity. Methods: The polysaccharides were extracted from Sophora flavescens with boiling water,followed by precipitation with ethanol,removal of protein by Sevag method,and purification with ion exchange chromatography on a DEAE-52 cellulose column.The purity and their structure were analyzed by UV and FTIR spectrometer,and the monosaccharide compositions were investigated by PMP pre-column derivatization HPLC.Furthermore,the in vitro antioxidant activity was also studied. Results: Four refined polysaccharides fractions,named as SFP-1,SFP-2,SFP-3 and SFP-4,were obtained by ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-52 cellulose column.The major component SFP-1 showed no signals of protein and nucleic acid,and exhibited typical signals of polysaccharides.The SFP-1 was composed of mannose,rhamnose,galacturonic acid,glucose,galactose and arabinose in a molar ratio of 0.34: 1.00: 0.12: 1.19: 0.62: 0.19.The result of in vitro antioxidant activity showed that the scavenging rate against DPPH free radical and metal chelating rate of SFP-1 reached 56.40% and 18.31%,respectively. Conclusion: The SFP-1 was composed of a variety of monosaccharides and had a strong antioxidant activity.