小分子药物人工抗原的合成与鉴定研究进展

近年来，免疫分析技术不断发展，因其高效、快速的优点而被广泛应用于各类残留药物的检测。免疫分析法是以抗原、抗体的特异性识别和可逆性结合反应为基础，以抗体作为生物检测器而建立的一种灵敏、简便、快速的超微量分析方法。在小分子药物残留的分析中，人工抗原的合成是建立免疫分析方法的关键。本文主要介绍小分子半抗原与载体蛋白的偶联方法及合成抗原的鉴定方法，并对偶联比的测定方法进行概述。

In recent years,the immunoassay technology is constantly developing,and it has been widely used in rapid test of residue of various kinds of drug due to the characteristics of high efficiency and convenience.Immunoassay is based on the specific identification and the reversible combination between antigens and antibodies.Utilizing the antibody as a detector,immunoassay establishes a sensitive,convenient,and rapid method for ultramicro analysis.In practice,the paramount step of the immunoassay method is the synthesis of artificial antigen.This article mainly describes the coupling methods of micromolecular haptens to the carrier protein and identification methods of artificial antigens.Moreover,the methods of determination of coupling ratio are also summarized.