藏药小米辣的定性定量方法研究

目的：建立小米辣药材的定性定量方法。方法：采用粉末显微鉴别和薄层色谱法对小米辣药材进行定性鉴别；采用高效液相色谱法测定辣椒素、二氢辣椒素的含量。高效液相色谱条件：Phenomenex-C₁₈色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm，5 μm），乙腈-0.2%磷酸溶液（48：52）为流动相，柱温40 ℃，流速1.0 mL·min^-1，检测波长为280 nm。参照中国药典2010年版一部测定水分、总灰分和浸出物。结果：小米辣显微特征明显；薄层色谱中辣椒素斑点分离效果良好；辣椒素、二氢辣椒素浓度分别在4.98~99.54 μg·mL^-1（r=1.0000）、1.97~39.44 μg·mL^-1（r=0.9999）的范围内线性关系良好；平均加样回收率（n=6）为103.0%和101.8%。结论：所建立的方法经过方法学验证，可用于小米辣药材的质量控制。

Objective: To establish a qualitative and quantitative method for Capsici Frutescens Fructus. Methods: The microscopic powder characterization and the TLC method were used for qualitative identification;the HPLC system was used in the quantitative analysis of two compounds,i.e.,capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin,on the analytical column of Phenomenex-C₁₈ (250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm);the mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.2% phosphoric acid(48:52)at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min^-1;the detection wavelength was 280 nm,and the column temperature was 40 ℃.The contents of moisture and total ash and ethanol-soluble extractives were determined with the methods in Chinese Pharmacopeia(ChP)2010. Results: The microscopic characteristics of Capsici Frutescens Fructus were obvious,as the spot of capsaicin could be well identified by TLC.In the system of HPLC,capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin showed good linear relationship in the ranges of 4.98-99.54 μg·mL^-1(r=1.0000),1.97-39.44 μg·mL^-1(r=0.9999),respectively.The average recoveries(n=6)were 103.0% and 101.8%. Conclusion: The method validation showed the method can be used for the quality control of Capsici Frutescens Fructus.