羌活不同部位有机酸和香豆素类化合物含量的比较研究

目的: 探究羌活不同部位有效成分的分布特征,为其药材质量评价和资源合理利用提供科学依据。 方法: 采用HPLC-DAD法同时测定羌活根部(根和根茎)、茎、叶片、叶柄、种子5个部位中绿原酸、阿魏酸、紫花前胡苷、补骨脂素、香柑内酯、欧前胡素、羌活醇和异欧前胡素的含量,并对测定结果进行分析比较。色谱柱:TSK gel ODS-80Ts QA C₁₈柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm);流速:0.6 mL·min^-1;进样量:10 μL;流动相A相为纯甲醇,B相为0.3%的冰醋酸水溶液,梯度洗脱。 结果: 羌活不同部位间各活性成分的含量存在一定的差异,含量较高的羌活醇和异欧前胡素主要富集于根部,绿原酸在全草中广泛分布。不同部位中紫花前胡苷、补骨脂素和佛手柑内酯的含量均较少,且补骨脂素主要分布在叶片和叶柄中。 结论: 羌活根和根茎中活性成分总含量明显高于其他部位,与传统上以其根茎及根入药相符。地上部分绿原酸和一些未知成分的含量较高,也具有一定的开发价值。

Objective: To investigate the distribution characteristics of the main effective constituents in different parts (root and rhizome, stem, leaf, petiole, seed) of Notopterygium incisum, so as to provide scientific basics for quality evaluation, exploitation and sufficient application of this herb. Methods: The contents of chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, nodakenin, psoralen, bergapten, imperatorin, isoimperatorin and notopterol in different parts of N. incisum were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with photodiode array detector (DAD) using a Tosoh TSK gel ODS-80Ts QA C₁₈ column (250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm). The mobile phase consisting of methanol and 0.3% acetic acid in a gradient elution mode was carried out as follows: 0 min→15 min→17 min→45 min→55 min→70 min→75 min→80 min,methanol 25%→38%→38%→50%→75%→85%→25%→25%. The analysis was done at a flow rate of 0.6 mL·min^-1, the injection volume was 10 μL and the column temperature was 30℃. Results: The contents of the main effective compounds in different parts of N .incisum varied greatly from each other. Notopterol and isoimperatorin were mainly concentrated in the root and rhizome, while chlorogenic acid was widely distributed in the whole plant. The contents of nodakenin, psoralen and bergapten were found to be very low in all parts of the plant and psoralen was mainly found in the leaf and petiole of N.incisum. Imperatorin was not detected in any parts of this plant. Conclusion: The total content of the main effective compounds in root and rhizome of N. incisum was much higher than that in other parts of this plant, which was in accordance with the traditional therapy that only the root and the rhizome of N. incisum were selected as the medicinal part of this plant. Besides, it should be noted that the aerial part also showed some medicinal value to be developed in view of its high content of chlorogenic acid and other unknown components.