玉米须多糖金属配合物的金属元素含量及对尿素的吸附作用研究

目的：合成玉米须多糖铁、多糖锌、多糖铜（简称为玉米须多糖铁、锌、铜），测定所含的铁、锌、铜量，并分析玉米须多糖铁、锌、铜对尿素的吸附能力。方法：用热水浸提玉米须多糖；以三氯化铁、硫酸锌和氯化铜为原料，与玉米须多糖配位合成玉米须多糖铁、锌、铜；利用火焰原子吸收光谱法（FAAS）测定所含的铁、锌、铜量，采用分光光度法测定玉米须多糖铁、锌、铜对尿素的吸附能力。结果：玉米须多糖含量为80.2%；玉米须多糖铁、锌、铜中含铁量、含锌量、含铜量分别为269.14、28.80、41.25 mg·g^-1，RSD为0.30%、0.38%、0.37%；回收率分别为99.3%、100.6%、101.7%，RSD为0.32%、0.25%、0.56%；多糖铁、锌、铜对尿素的吸附率（k）分别为66.0%、15.2%、42.8%；吸附量（Q）分别为165.0、38.0、107.0 mg·g^-1。结论：FAAS法测定金属元素含量、加标回收率及精密度的RSD均小于2%，表明方法可靠、精密度良好。红外光谱显示玉米须多糖与Fe³⁺、Zn²⁺、Cu²⁺发生了配位反应，形成了配位键；玉米须多糖铁、锌、铜对尿素均具有一定的吸附作用，但吸附能力有明显差别，顺序依次为多糖铁，多糖铜，多糖锌。

Objective: To synthesize Stigma maydis polysaccharide iron,polysaccharide zinc and polysaccharide copper,then to determine their contents of iron,zinc,and copper and analyze their adsorption to urea.Methods: Stigma maydis polysaccharide was extracted by hot water reflux method,and the polysaccharide iron,polysaccharide zinc and polysaccharide copper were synthesized by ferric chloride,zinc sulfate,copper chloride and stigma maydis polysaccharide as raw materials.The contents of iron,zinc,and copper were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry(FAAS)and their adsorption to urea were determined by spectrophotometry.Results: The content of stigma maydis polysaccharide was 80.2%,the contents of iron,zinc and copper in polysaccharide iron,polysaccharide zinc and polysaccharide copper were 269.14,28.80 and 41.25 mg·g^-1,and the RSD values were 0.30%,0.38% and 0.37%,respectively.The recoveries were 99.3%,100.6%,101.7%,and the RSD values were 0.32%,0.25% and 0.56%,respectively.The adsorption rates(k)of polysaccharide iron,polysaccharide zinc and polysaccharide copper on urea were 66.0%,15.2% and 42.8%,and the adsorption capacities(Q)were 165.0,38.0 and 107.0 mg·g^-1,respectively.Conclusion: The RSD of the metal elements' content,spike recovery and precision measured by FAAS were all less than 2%,so the method was reliable and precise.Infrared spectroscopy showed that the stigma maydis polysaccharides had the coordination reaction with Fe³⁺,Zn²⁺ and Cu²⁺,and the coordination bonds were formed.Stigma maydis polysaccharide iron,polysaccharide zinc and polysaccharide copper all had a certain adsorption effect on urea,but the adsorption capacities were significantly different and the order was polysaccharide iron,polysaccharide copper and polysaccharide zinc.

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