基于多元统计分析的麸炒白术质量评价研究

目的：对麸炒白术饮片中浸出物、挥发油及指标性成分的含量进行多元统计分析，明确麸炒白术饮片质量的显著影响因素，为白术饮片质量评价提供依据。方法：采用高效液相色谱法测定麸炒白术饮片中白术内酯Ⅰ、白术内酯Ⅱ和白术内酯Ⅲ的含量，以2015年版《中华人民共和国药典》浸出物测定法测定醇溶性浸出物的含量，挥发油测定法甲法测定挥发油的含量。以白术内酯Ⅰ、白术内酯Ⅱ和白术内酯Ⅲ、白术总内酯、浸出物、挥发油为指标，采用SPASS19.0软件对38批麸炒白术饮片进行聚类分析，采用SIMCA-P13.0软件对38批麸炒白术饮片进行主成分分析（PCA）和正交偏最小二乘法判别分析（OPLS-DA）。结果：以白术内酯Ⅰ、白术内酯Ⅱ和白术内酯Ⅲ、浸出物、挥发油为指标，采用多元统计分析，结果表明白术内酯Ⅱ是影响麸炒白术质量的显著性因素。结论：建立的HPLC方法可用于麸炒白术饮片中3个指标性成分的含量测定，为后续白术饮片等级划分提供依据。

Objective: Multivariate statistical analysis was carried out on the contents of atractylenolideⅠ, atractylenolide Ⅱ and atractylenolide Ⅲ, extract and volatile oil to clarify the significant factors affecting the quality of the bran-processed Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizoma, and provide scientific basis for quality evaluation. Methods: The contents of atractylenolideⅠ, atractylenolide Ⅱ and atractylenolide Ⅲ were determined by high performance liquid chromatography, and the contents of alcohol soluble extract and volatile oil were determined referring to the Pharmacopoeia of The People's Republic of China. Using contents of atractylenolideⅠ, atractylenolide Ⅱ and atractylenolide Ⅲ, the total content of atractylenolide, extract and volatile oil as indicators, SPASS19.0 software was used to cluster 38 batches of bran-processed Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizoma. SIMCA-P13.0 software was used for principal component analysis (PCA)and partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Results: Using atractylenolideⅠ, atractylenolide Ⅱ and atractylenolide Ⅲ, extract and volatile oil as indicators, multivariate statistical analysis was used for data analysis. The results showed that atractylenolide Ⅱ was a significant factor affecting the quality of bran-processed Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizoma. Conclusion: The established HPLC method can be used to determine the contents of three index components in the bran-processed Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizoma, which will provide a basis for the subsequent classification of bran-processed Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizoma.

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