气相色谱-质谱联用和正交投影法分析当归不同部位挥发油成分

目的：研究当归不同部位挥发油成分，为中药当归的加工及临床应用提供科学依据。方法：利用水蒸气蒸馏法提取当归根和须挥发油，用气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）联用技术检测。先用子窗口因子分析法（SFA法）定性定量分析当归根的挥发油，然后用正交投影法（OPR法）定性鉴定当归须挥发油。结果：在当归根和须挥发油中分别鉴定出67和65个化学成分，分别占总含量的89.68%和87.07%。在当归根和须挥发油中有59个共有组分，主要组分都为藁本内酯、丁烯基酞内酯、2，6，6-三甲基-[3，1，1]庚-2-烯、香芹酚、罗勒烯和2-甲氧基-4-乙烯基苯酚等，但含量有一定差别。结论：该方法不仅可鉴定的化合物数目增加，而且提高了定性准确度，可用于同一中药的不同部位或不同产地的分析和质量控制。

Objective: To study the volatile constituents in different parts of Angelica sinensis for scientific evidence of its processing and clinical application. Methods: The volatile constituents in main and fibrous roots of Angelica sinensis were extracted by water distillation method and detected by GC-MS. The volatile constituents in main root were identified and determined by sub-window factor analysis(SFA)method. Then the volatile constituents in fibrous root were identified by orthogonal projection resolution(OPR). Results: 67 and 65 components were identified in main root and fibrous root,respectively. They accounted for 89.68% and 87.07% of the total essential oil in main root and fibrous root,respectively. 59 common components were identified in both main and fibrous roots including ligustilide,butylicene phthalide,2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo-[3,1,1]hept-2-ene,carvacrol,allo ocimene and 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol. But the content of each component in main and fibrous roots varied. Conclusions: The proposed method could identify more components with improved accuracy,thus could be applied to analysis and quality control of traditional Chinese medicine from different plant parts or different habitants.

[1] 董晴,陈明苍.当归化学成分及药理作用研究进展[J].亚太传统医药,2016, 12(2):32 DONG Q, CHEN MC. Chemical composition and pharmacological research progress of Angelica[J]. Asia Pac Tradit Med, 2016, 12(2):32
[2] 李曦,张丽宏,王晓晓,等.当归化学成分及药理作用研究进展[J].中药材, 2013,36(6):1023 LI X, ZHANG LH, WANG XX, et al. Chemical composition and pharmacological research progress of Angelica sinensis[J]. J Chin Med Mater, 2013, 36(6):1023
[3] 李冬华,马潇,宋平顺,等.三种方法提取当归挥发性成分的气相色谱-质谱联用分析[J].西部中医药,2013, 26(8):15 LI DH, MA X, SONG PS, et al. Analysis of three methods for extracting volatile constituent from Danggui by combination of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry[J]. West J Tradit Chin Med, 2013, 26(8):15
[4] 唐文文,李国琴,晋小军.不同干燥方法对当归挥发油成分的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志, 2014,20(3):9 TANG WW, LI GQ, JIN XJ. Effects of different drying methods on volatile oil from Angelicae Sinensis Radix[J]. Chin J Exp Tradit Med Form,2014,20(3):9
[5] 吴海燕,华永丽,郭延生.甘肃岷县当归不同药用部位挥发油的提取及其成分分析[J].天然产物研究与开发,2012,24(9):1225 WU HY, HUA YL, GUO YS. Extraction and analysis of volatile oil in different parts of Radix Angelicae Sinensis from Min county in Gansu[J]. Nat Prod Res Dev,2012, 24(9):1225
[6] 张庆,茹庆国,林红梅,等.当归挥发油分子蒸馏馏分GC-MS分析及抗氧化研究[J].中国中医药信息杂志,2016, 23(2):82 ZHANG Q,RU QG,LIN HM,et al. GC-MS analysis and antioxidant activity study of distillates separated from essential oil of Angelicae Sinensis Radix by molecular distillation[J]. Chin J Inf Tradit Chin Med, 2016, 23(2):82
[7] 杨艳,易进海,黄志芳,等.川芎、当归和藳本中挥发油成分比较研究[J].中药材,2015, 38(6):1212 YANG Y, YI JH, HUANG ZF, et al. Comparative study on volatile oil composition of Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Ligustici Rhizomaet Radix[J]. J Chin Med Mater, 2015, 38(6):1212
[8] MANNE R,SHEN HL,LIANG YZ. Subwindow factor analysis[J]. Chemom Intell Lab Syst, 1999, 45(1):171
[9] 梁逸曾.复杂体系仪器分析-白、灰、黑分析体系及其多变量解析方法[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社, 1996:199 LIANG YZ. Instrumental Analysis of Complex Systems-White,Gray and Black Analytical Systems and Their Multivariate Methods[M]. Changsha:Hunan Science and Technology Press, 1996:199
[10] SANCHEZ FC, RUTAN SC, GIL GARCIA ND. Resolution of multicomponent overlapped peaks by the orthogonal projection approach, evolving factor analysis and window factor analysis[J]. Chemom Intell Lab Syst, 1997, 36(1-2):153
[11] LIU HT, ZOU SS, QI YD, et al. Quantitative determination of four compounds and fingerprints analysis in the rhizomes of Drynaria fortunei(Kunze)J. Sm.[J]. J Nat Med, 2012, 66(2):413
[12] LU FL, LI DP, FU CM, et al. Studies on chemical fingerprints of Siraitia Grosvenorii fruits(Luohanguo)by HPLC[J]. J Nat Med, 2012,66(1):70
[13] 马诗瑜,沈岚,洪燕龙,等.化学计量学在中药定量表征中的应用[J].世界科学技术-中医药现代化, 2014,16(12):2700 MA SY, SHEN L, HONG YL, et al. Application of chemometrics in quantitative characterization of traditional Chinese medicine[J]. World Sci Technol Mod Tradit Chin Med Mater Med,2014,16(12):2700
[14] 刘斌,李艳薇,刘国良,等. GC-MS结合化学计量学方法用于肾茶挥发油的定性分析[J].药物分析杂志,2015, 35(5):1815 LIU B, LI YW, LIU GL, et al. Qualitative analysis of volatile oil from Orthosiphon stamineus by GC-MS and chemometrics[J]. Chin J Pharm Anal, 2015, 35(5):1815
[15] 中国药典2010年版.一部[S]. 2010:附录63 ChP 2010. Vol Ⅰ[S]. 2010:Appendix 63