不同产地黄芩茎叶中氨基酸类成分的UPLC-TQ-MS分析与评价

目的：建立黄芩茎叶中氨基酸类成分的UPLC-TQ-MS分析方法，对其所含的氨基酸类成分进行分析评价，为黄芩茎叶中可利用的资源性化学物质及其资源化利用提供科学依据。方法：采用UPLC-TQ-MS同时分析9个产地共35批黄芩茎叶中的18种氨基酸类成分。应用ACQUITY UPLC BEH Amide色谱柱（100 mm×2.1 mm，1.7 μm），以5 mmol·L^-1甲酸铵、5 mmol·L^-1乙酸铵、0.2%甲酸的水溶液为流动相A，以1 mmol·L^-1甲酸铵、1 mmol·L^-1乙酸铵、0.2%甲酸的乙腈溶液为流动相B，梯度洗脱（0~3 min，10% A；3~9 min，10%→18% A；9~15 min，18%→20% A；15~16 min，20%→46% A；16~18 mn，46% A），流速0.4 mL·min^-1，柱温35℃；多反应监测（MRM）模式同时检测18种氨基酸类成分。采用主成分分析法（PCA法）对不同产地样品进行综合评价。结果：黄芩茎叶含有丰富的氨基酸类成分，不同产地间氨基酸种类几无差异，但含量差异较大，脯氨酸（Pro）、苏氨酸（Thr）、谷氨酸（Glu）、赖氨酸（Lys）、谷氨酰胺（Gln）和精氨酸（Arg）的含量较高，甲硫氨酸（Met）、羟脯氨酸（Hpro）和瓜氨酸（Cit）的含量较低。甘肃兰州样品总氨基酸含量最高，达14.75 mg·g^-1；山西运城样品总氨基酸含量最低，仅1.46 mg·g^-1。各成分含量差异可能与地域有关。结论：本研究建立了准确高效分析评价不同产地黄芩茎叶中氨基酸类成分的方法，结果可为黄芩茎叶的资源开发与利用提供科学依据。

Objective:To establish an analytical method of amino acids in Scutellaria baicalensis stem-leaf and analyze the amino acids in Scutellaria baicalensis stem-leaf,so as to provide a scientific basis for the comprehensive utilization of resources.Methods:The UPLC-TQ-MS method was used to analyze and measure 18 kinds of amino acids in 35 batches of Scutellaria baicalensis stem-leaf from 9 different habitats.An ACQUITY UPLC BEH Amide C₁₈ column(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7 μm)was used,with a mobile phase consisting of A(0.2% acetic acid,5 mmol·L^-1 ammonium formate and 5 mmol·L^-1 ammonium acetate in aqeous solution)and B(0.2% acetic acid,1 mmol·L^-1 ammonium formate and 1 mmol·L^-1 ammonium acetate in acetonitrile solution).UPLC linear gradient conditions were as follows:0-3 min,10%A;3-9 min,10%→18%A;9-15 min,18%→20%A;15~16 min,20%→46%A;16~18 min,46%A.The flow rate was 0.4 mL·min^-1 and the column temperature was maintained at 35℃.18 amino acids were determined at the same time under MRM mode.Principal component analysis(PCA)was performed for comprehensive evaluation of samples from different habitats.Results:It showed that the Scutellaria baicalensis stem-leaf was rich in amino acids.There was no big difference in types of amino acids.The content of Pro,Thr,Glu,Lys,Gln and Arg was higher,and the content of Met,Hpro and Cit was the lower.The total content of amino acids in the sample from Lanzhou was the highest(14.75 mg·g^-1),and the total content of amino acids in the sample from Yuncheng was the lowest(1.46 mg·g^-1).The difference of content might be relevant to the habitat.Conclusion:The proposed method for analysis of amino acids in Scutellaria baicalensis stem-leaf is accurate and effective.The experimental results can provide a scientific basis for the development and utilization of Scutellaria baicalensis stem-leaf resources.