pH区带逆流色谱应用与相关理论研究进展

pH区带精制逆流色谱是由普通逆流色谱发展而来的一种特殊分离技术，主要应用于天然产物或合成产物中离子型化合物的分离，包括有机酸碱衍生物、多肽类、有机染料、生物碱、吲哚素、同分异构体、儿茶酚胺和游离肽等物质，具有进样量大、成本低等优势。本文根据近年来溶剂体系的发展过程，总结了pH区带精制逆流色谱分离中两相溶剂体系由乙醚-水、叔丁基甲醚-水等体系逐渐发展为低毒、绿色环保型的两相溶剂体系，并总结归纳了分离过程中常用的保留酸/碱和洗脱碱/酸及其浓度范围，综述了该项技术在天然产物、合成产物及手性分离领域中的最新研究应用进展。同时，对pH区带逆流精制色谱分离中经常遇到的出峰顺序、峰重叠等问题分4种不同的情况作了较为详细的探讨。

pH-zone-refining countercurrent chromatography was derived from conventional countercurrent chromatography,and it was mainly used for large-scale separation of ionic compounds including natural and synthetic organic acid/base derivatives,peptides,organic dyes,alkaloids indoles,isomers,catecholamines and free peptides. The main advantage of this method lies in its large sample loading capacity and low cost. The recently developed environment-friendly two-phase solvent systems with low toxicity were reviewed in this paper based on its development of solvent system,which was initiated with the biphasic solvent system ether-water and methyl tert-butyl ether-water. Meanwhile,typical type of retainers and eluents along with their concentrations were summarized. Then,recent progress in its application in the field of natural products,synthetic chemistry and chiral separation was reviewed in light of the development of biphasic solvent system. Moreover,some common problems of this elution mode,such as elution sequence and peak overlap,were also discussed according to four different cases in this paper.