UPLC法结合PLS评价硫磺熏蒸对西洋参皂苷成分的影响

目的：评判硫磺熏蒸对西洋参皂苷类成分的影响。方法：采用超高效液相色谱-梯度洗脱法分析测定西洋参甲醇提取液，对获取的硫熏组和无硫组西洋参特征图谱进行偏最小二乘法统计分析，并同时测定人参皂苷Rg₁、Re和Rb₁的含量，采用UPLC-Q-Tof MS对含量降低的未知皂苷成分进行质谱确证。结果：16批硫熏组与18批无硫组西洋参中人参皂苷Rg₁、Re和Rb₁的总量均符合中国药典2015年版规定，t检验结果显示其人参皂苷Rg₁、Re和Rb₁含量及总量无显著性差异；采用偏最小二乘法统计显示硫熏组西洋参与无硫组西洋参样本存在明显分类，硫熏组西洋参人参皂苷Re、Rb₁、Rc、Rd含量较无硫组有所降低。含量降低的未知皂苷成分经质谱确证为人参皂苷Rc和Rd。结论：硫磺熏蒸能够引起西洋参中人参皂苷类成分含量的降低。采用UPLC技术结合PLS法能够很好地区分硫磺熏蒸西洋参与未熏蒸西洋参之间的差异，并找到造成差异的皂苷成分，提示该方法可用于硫熏中药材的成分差异分析。

Objective: To investigate the impact of sulfur-fumigation on ginsenosides in Panacis Quinquefolii Radix.Methods: A UPLC method coupled with a gradient eluted program was used to analyze the methanol decoction of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix. The partial least squares(PLS)was applied to analyze the chromatograms.The contents of ginsenosides Rg₁,Re and Rb₁ was also measured.The decreased unknown ginsenosides were interpreted by UPLC-Q-Tof MS/MS.Results: The total contents of ginsenosides Rg₁,Re and Rb₁ in sulfur-fumigated and non-fumigated Panacis Quinquefolii Radix both met the criterion provided by Chinese Pharmacopeia. t-Test showed there was no significant difference between the contents of ginsenosides Rg₁,Re and Rb₁ of sulfur-fumigated and that of non-fumigated Panacis Quinquefolii Radix.The total contents of ginsenosides Rg₁,Re and Rb₁ also had no significant difference between sulfur-fumigated and non-fumigated Panacis Quinquefolii Radix.However,an obvious classification existed between sulfur-fumigated and non-fumigated Panacis Quinquefolii Radix by PLS analysis.The contents of ginsenosides Re,Rb₁,Rc and Rd in sulfur-fumigated Panacis Quinquefolii Radix was lower than that in non-fumigated Panacis Quinquefolii Radix.The decreased unknown ginsenosides were confirmed to be ginsenoside Rc and Rd by UPLC-Q-Tof/MS/MS.Conclusion: Sulfur-fumigation would reduce the content of ginsenosides in Panacis Quinquefolii Radix.The UPLC technique combined with PLS could well distinguish the difference between sulfur-fumigated and non-fumigated Panacis Quinquefolii Radix and find the differentiated components.Results suggested that this method can be used for the research on the component changes caused by sulfur-fumigation in Chinese herbs.