顶空-气相色谱/质谱联用分析比较雪菊不同产地和部位的挥发性成分

目的：比较雪菊不同产地和部位挥发性成分，为拓展其药用部位及质量评价提供依据。方法：顶空进样结合气相色谱联用质谱法（GC-MS）分析不同雪菊样品的挥发性成分。结果：依据MS数据库检索，共鉴定出主要化合物11个（匹配度>90%），主要为萜烯类成分，约占80%以上，1R-α-蒎烯和柠檬烯为雪菊的主要挥发性成分。不同产地黄色雪菊挥发性成分的种类差异不大，但含量差异较为明显；黄色雪菊和红色雪菊挥发性成分种类及含量差异不大，对于不同物候期的样品，胎菊中除4-亚甲基-1-（1-甲基乙基）双环[3.1.0]2-己烯外，主要的挥发性成分含量均远高于黄色雪菊；不同部位挥发性成分的种类和含量均有明显差异，其中雪菊种多数挥发性成分含量高于黄色雪菊及雪菊叶，而茎的挥发性成分种类最少且含量较低。结论：雪菊种、雪菊叶与黄色雪菊主要挥发性成分种类差异不大，有综合利用的可能。此外，雪菊生长环境对其挥发性成分含量有一定影响。

Objective:To analyze and compare the volatile components in snow chrysanthemum from different parts and habitats.Methods:The volatile components from snow chrysanthemum was analyzed by head space coupled with GC-MS (HS-GC-MS).Results:Eleven volatile components were identified with match values above 90%.Terpene was the main component (accounting 80%) and 1R-α-pinene and limonene were the major compounds.The volatile components in snow chrysanthemum from different habitats were similar,but their contents were obviously different.The type and content of volatile components in yellow and red snow chrysanthemum were similar.For samples collected at different phenological periods,the main volatile compounds in buds were much higher than those in snow chrysanthemum,except 4-methylene-1-(1-methylethyl)bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-ene.For different parts of snow chrysanthemum,the types and contents of volatile components were significantly different.Most volatile compounds in seeds were higher than those in flowers and leaves.The type and contents of volatile compounds in stems were the lowest.Conclusion:The seeds and leaves of yellow snow chrysanthemum have potential for comprehensive utilization because the types of their volatile compounds were similar to those in flowers.The results also suggested that environmental factors might affect their contents of volatile components.