航天诱变对桔梗固有成分的影响

目的: 对第4代航天诱变育种桔梗固有成分及微结构进行测定表征,以获得航天诱变对其固有成分及微结构影响的信息,为筛选优质药用植物新品种提供依据。 方法: 联用X射线荧光(XRF)、粉末X射线衍射(PXRD)和傅里叶变换红外光谱分析(FTIR)技术对太空组和地面组桔梗进行对比分析,从多种元素种类及含量、原子和分子层面表征其固有成分。 结果: 太空桔梗中Mn、Zn、Fe、Ca、Mg元素含量比地面组明显提高,Al元素含量降低;PXRD和FTIR谱的特征有一定的差异,可区别太空组桔梗与地面组桔梗固有成分的变化。太空桔梗已不含菊糖,而非晶体物质的主要活性基团组分有所增加。 结论: 航天诱变育种有利于选育出变异幅度大的特异质的桔梗新品种。3种技术联用可用于药材优良品种的选育及固有成分稳定性的控制。

Objective: The intrinsic components and microstructures characterization of 4^th generation spaceflight mutation breeding Platycodon grandiflorum(Jacq.)A.DC.were determined and comprehensive to accumulate data for substance structure effect as a result of mutation and selection high quality Chinese herbal medicines seeds. Methods: Combined with X-ray fluorescence Spectrometry(XRF),powder X-ray diffraction(PXRD)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)firstly,the intrinsic components and microstructures of Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.)A.DC.are determined and comprehensive characterization from elements,molecule and atom structure. Results: The contents of elements Mn,Zn,Fe,Ca,Mg in the space group are enhanced than in the ground group,but the contents of elements Al are reduced.The PXRD and FTIR fingerprints of two samples were distinct with special characters,the kinds of intrinsic components are not diferent between the two groups.There is no inulin in the space group,and the contents of non-crystal components are enhanced. Conclusion: Spaceflight mutation breeding can harvest large mutation induction amplitude Chinese herbal medicines varieties.The ideal method can be used for breeding of fine varieties of Chinese medicinal materials,Chinese medicinal materials GAP guidance of growing conditions and quality control.